Pulau Curiak: A Conservation-Driven Ecotourism Gem in South Kalimantan

TheIndonesia.co - Every morning, dozens of fishermen gather at the mouth of the Anjir River near the Proboscis Monkey Research Station on Pulau Curiak, a small island located in Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan. Here, they sell their fresh catches directly from boats to local traders, creating what is locally known as a floating market—an iconic scene in the riverine culture of Borneo.

These early-morning transactions are a daily ritual in the vast coastal region of the Barito River. Most fishermen venture out at night and return by sunrise, which signals the end of their traditional fishing efforts. The Barito River is rich in freshwater biodiversity, hosting species like baung, lundu, baga-baga, lais, patin, jelawat, seluang, nila, puyau, sili-sili, handungan, and senggiringan. However, the crown jewel of their catch is the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), known for its impressive size—up to 30 cm—and high market value.

According to Antara News Agency, one of the local fishermen, Kaspan Anwari (54), better known as Ipan, hails from Marabahan Baru village and has spent years fishing in the waters around Pulau Curiak. He shares that the area has become an abundant breeding ground for fish and prawns, a transformation largely attributed to the conservation efforts by Yayasan Sahabat Bekantan Indonesia (SBI) since 2015. These efforts culminated in the establishment of the Proboscis Monkey Research Station in July 2018.

Ipan is now not only a fisherman but also a conservation volunteer and eco-tourism guide. His story reflects a broader shift in the community—traditional livelihoods are being enriched, not replaced, by ecological preservation.

A Forest Reborn, A Community Revived

The resurgence in fish and prawn populations around Pulau Curiak is closely linked to the successful reforestation of the island with Rambai mangroves, a vital species for both aquatic breeding and primate habitat. Previously, the mangrove forest had been degraded—its roots harvested for industrial uses such as bottle caps and shuttlecock bases. This led to widespread die-off of the trees, which in turn damaged the aquatic ecosystem.

Through dedicated restoration, SBI has planted more than 25,000 Rambai seedlings on the island. These efforts have not only regenerated the forest but also created small new landmasses, expanding the original island area from just 2.7 hectares to over 11 hectares.

Mangrove restoration has also supported the thriving population of proboscis monkeys (bekantan), an endemic and endangered species symbolic of South Kalimantan. When SBI began its work in 2015, only 14 individuals were recorded; now, the island is home to at least 54 proboscis monkeys. Additionally, silvered leaf monkeys (lutung), reptiles, monitor lizards, and hundreds of bird species—including flocks of migratory birds—inhabit the area.

This harmonious wetland ecosystem has turned Pulau Curiak into a living classroom for biodiversity, where flora, fauna, and human activity exist in balance.

Local Benefits of Global Significance

SBI's conservation work extends beyond environmental success—it has transformed the economic landscape of nine surrounding villages in the Anjir Muara District. Residents now benefit from eco-tourism services such as boat rentals, food stalls, and guiding. Formerly reliant only on fishing and farming, locals like Sulaiman (60), a community leader from Anjir Serapat Muara 1 village, now lead village tourism groups (Pokdarwis) and receive training in hospitality and sustainable business practices.

The integration of eco-tourism with traditional livelihoods creates a resilient local economy while supporting conservation. Visitors are invited to plant mangroves, explore the wetlands on small boats called kelotok, and observe proboscis monkeys swinging through the trees. Each visit is coordinated with SBI to ensure minimal environmental impact.

Putting Pulau Curiak on the World Map

Pulau Curiak was once a neglected strip of land near Pulau Bakut, a government-managed nature reserve. While Pulau Bakut remains under state control, Pulau Curiak has grown through community-led stewardship and SBI’s land waqf (endowment) program, funded by private donations and partnerships.

Dr. Amalia Rezeki, SBI’s founder and a conservation biologist at Lambung Mangkurat University, has played a pivotal role in this transformation. Her efforts have attracted researchers and students from around the world. A research base on the island, named Camp Tim Roberts, honors the Australian professor from the University of Newcastle who helped establish the monkey research station.

Thanks to Amalia’s international outreach—presenting at events like an ecotourism conference in Finland—Pulau Curiak now draws global attention. In fact, 60 international tourists visited shortly after that event to see the island firsthand. During summer school programs, students from various countries immerse themselves in the ecological and cultural richness of the island.

Amalia, recipient of the ASEAN Youth Eco Champion 2019 and Indonesia’s Kalpataru Environmental Award (2022), continues to elevate Pulau Curiak as a model for sustainable development and environmental stewardship.

Recognized by UNESCO

On April 16th, 2025, Pulau Curiak officially became part of the UNESCO Global Geopark Network as a component of the Meratus Geopark, South Kalimantan’s flagship conservation and geological heritage site.

During an assessment visit in 2022, Dr. Guy Martini, Secretary General of the Global Geopark Network, praised the island’s conservation model. The successful blend of community involvement, biodiversity conservation, and responsible tourism deeply impressed him.

The unique landscapes and thriving population of proboscis monkeys make Curiak a one-of-a-kind biodiversity site not found anywhere else in the world. The designation from UNESCO not only brings international recognition but also ensures long-term protection and sustainable development.

How to Get There

Pulau Curiak is accessible via Banjarmasin, the capital of South Kalimantan:

From Banjarmasin:

• By land: Travel approximately 1.5 to 2 hours by car to the port area near the village of Anjir Serapat or Anjir Muara.
• By boat: From this point, take a kelotok (small motorized boat) for about 15–30 minutes to Pulau Curiak. Most tours are arranged in coordination with SBI and local tourism groups.
• Contact SBI: It is essential to schedule your visit in advance with the Sahabat Bekantan Indonesia Foundation. They organize guided ecotours and provide transportation options.

Travel Tips

• Best time to visit: Early morning is ideal to catch the vibrant floating market and wildlife activity, including sightings of proboscis monkeys.
• What to bring: Binoculars, sunscreen, mosquito repellent, camera, and reusable water bottles.
• Respect the ecosystem: Avoid littering, making loud noises, or feeding the animals. Follow your guide’s instructions carefully.
• Cultural etiquette: Dress modestly and be courteous to locals—many of whom are actively involved in conservation work.

Nearby Destinations Worth Exploring

1. Lok Baintan Floating Market

Just outside Banjarmasin, this early-morning floating market offers a picturesque view of traditional commerce on the water. Women in wide-brimmed hats paddle wooden canoes filled with fruits, vegetables, snacks, and household goods. Best visited around 5:30 AM to 7:30 AM.

2. Martapura Market

Located about 45 minutes from Banjarmasin, Martapura is famous for South Kalimantan's gemstone trade and traditional jewelry craftsmanship. Visit for unique souvenirs and a bustling local atmosphere.

3. Taman Wisata Alam Pulau Bakut

A government-managed conservation area near Pulau Curiak, accessible by boat. The area features mangrove forests and another population of proboscis monkeys.

4. Tamban Mangrove Trails

A short distance from Pulau Curiak, this community-run eco-trail offers boardwalks through lush mangroves and birdwatching spots—great for a relaxed afternoon walk.

Final Thoughts

Pulau Curiak exemplifies how ecological preservation can revitalize both wildlife habitats and human communities. What started as a neglected island is now a globally recognized conservation and education hub—thanks to tireless grassroots efforts and scientific stewardship.

This small island in the Barito River is more than just a travel destination—it's a living testament to what can be achieved when people, nature, and knowledge come together in harmony.